Acute Coronary Syndrome (including Heart Attack)
‘Acute coronary syndrome’ (ACS) is a phrase used by health professionals to describe a range of problems affecting the heart. It is caused by a sudden narrowing of the arteries (blood vessels) taking oxygen to the heart muscle.
ACS can range from unstable angina (a threatened heart attack) to an actual heart attack (myocardial infarction) depending on how much the arteries are blocked.
ACS would be felt as angina. This is typically felt as a heaviness or tightness in the middle of the chest which may spread to the arms, neck, jaw, back or stomach. In stable angina the discomfort usually passes when you stop the activity that brought it on or after taking a GTN tablet or spray (medication to relieve the pain of angina). You can get more information on taking GTN medication at "How to take your GTN".
Unstable angina is when angina attacks occur more frequently, with less and less activity. This may be an indication of a worsening condition and you should see your doctor urgently. Any new symptoms are also classed as unstable angina. Often, it is very difficult to tell whether you are having unstable angina or experiencing a heart attack as the symptoms can be very similar.
If the chest pain does not get better by resting or by using your GTN spray or tablets within 15 minutes, it is an emergency situation where getting help quickly is vital. Phone 999 if this happens to you as you may be having a heart attack.
The information in this section has been adapted from the CHSS leaflet Heart Attack: A Guide to your Recovery.
For further information on Acute Coronary Syndrome, visit the sections below:
Last updated: 09/09/2010